Together with 121 “members” of the limited liability company that owns their dairy’s cows, Barbara and Steve Smith have filed suit in state court against New York’s agriculture commissioner and dairy services director, seeking an order preventing these officials from interfering with distribution of raw milk to members.

The suit grows out of the seizure last Oct. 11 by New York’s Department of Agriculture and Markets of raw milk, along with yogurt and buttermilk made from raw milk, at Meadowsweet Dairy in Lodi, NY. The Smiths refused to attend a follow-on hearing to explain why the products shouldn’t be destroyed, arguing that the state regulators didn’t have the authority to regulate their products.

That seizure was actually just one in a series of regulatory actions, which I described in a posting Oct. 3, and which attracted a wide variety of comments, including amplification by Barbara Smith.

According to the suit, here is what the state did when the Smiths didn’t show up: “On October 31, 2007, a ‘Legal Assistant’ of the Department sent a letter to the Dairy LLC and to the Smiths, alleging that they have been ‘selling, offering for sale, or otherwise making available raw milk for consumption by the consumers’ in May, June and July 2007. The letter also indicated that administrative penalties in the amount of $1,000 have been levied.”

The suit argues, “The Smiths do not sell, offer for sale, or otherwise make available ‘milk’ or ‘milk products’ to the consuming public. The Defendants Commissioner and Director are authorized by law to regulate only in the matter of the public’s health, safety and welfare. The Commissioner and the Director do not have the authority to regulate the Smiths when they produce, handle and manage raw milk and raw milk products produced by the Dairy LLC’s cows when that raw milk and those raw milk products are made available only to the members of the Dairy LLC.”

Among other things, it says "the court should issue a declaration that the members of the Dairy LLC can pick up their raw milk and their raw milk products from the Smiths’ farm or market stands free from harassment, intimidation, interference or hindrance by Defendants."

The suit is significant on a number of levels. It is the first to be filed by the Farm to Conumer Legal Defense Fund, which was formed last summer. (The suit was filed by David G. Cox of Lane, Alton & Horst, a Columbus, OH, firm.)

It is also a significant challenge to a major state’s efforts to run roughshod over the cowshare concept, whereby farmers organize legal arrangements to provide consumers with ownership of the cows that produce their milk. This arrangement avoids prohibitions or strict regulations in many states on sale of raw milk. For example, New York issues permits to farmers allowing sales of raw milk to consumers, but doesn’t allow sale of other products like yogurt, kefir, and butter.

I expect this suit will be hard fought, possibly over a long period of time, if appeals result. It could help plow some new legal ground, and bring the issue of raw milk even more prominently into the public eye.

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I’m having difficulty trying to make sense of the situation in California regarding AB1735, the stealth legislation enacted last month that would set tight standards on coliforms in raw milk.

We’ve been asked to contribute to a legal defense fund to finance a suit challenging the legislation. We’ve been told to sign up for a class action suit. We’ve been told to write and fax legislators.

Yesterday, Organic Pastures put out an alert that the California assembly is set to reverse AB1735, but is waiting for the state secretary of agriculture to be on board. Today, Organic Pastures says there’s another state senator who must be convinced.

I definitely don’t want to be a spoilsport taking pot shots at people like Mark McAfee and others who are working their tails off to change this situation. The fact that they’ve been able to rally the kind of support they have is impressive.

I just don’t have a great feeling about the whole thing. It reminds me a little of the bind small companies sometimes get into when they are seeking venture capital investment. Venture capitalists like to invest in groups of three, or four, or even five. What sometimes happens when a group is intrigued with a small company, but having some doubts, is they’ll tell the entrepreneur that everything is set to go, but Fred over at ABC Ventures is holding things up. So the entrepreneur tries to convince Fred, and when Fred finally says yes, suddenly it’s Bob at DEF Ventures who’s having a problem. And on it goes, as the clock ticks and the entrepreneur is running out of money, energy, and enthusiasm.

What bothers me is my sense that AB1735 is much more significant to the agriculture interests than most of us realize. It didn’t happen by accident, but was carefully calculated to send a strong message in the country’s largest agricultural state. The same kind of thing has been happening around the country with regard to the National Animal Identification System (NAIS). States have been sneaking legislation and administrative orders through, and each time small farms think they’ve fought off an attack, it reappears elsewhere.

As far as AB1735 goes, I hope I’m wrong.